Inflammation in atopic dermatitis is driven by an outside-in / inside-out process
- Immune dysregulation involves the activation of type 2 T-helper (Th2) cells and subsequent inflammatory signalling2
- Skin-barrier dysfunction results in inflammatory signaling due to antigen penetration of AD skin2
- Resulting chronic inflammation further contributes to both skin-barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation2

Th2 cytokines are the key drivers of inflammation in atopic dermatitis for non-lesional, acute lesional, and chronic lesional skin.3
References
- Boguniewicz M, Leung DY. Atopic dermatitis: a disease of altered skin barrier and immune dysregulation. Immunol Rev. 2011;242(1):233-246.
- Guttman-Yassky E, Waldman A, Ahluwalia J, Ong PY, Eichenfield LF. Atopic dermatitis: pathogenesis. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2017;36(3):100-103.
- Weidinger S, Beck LA, Bieber T, Kabashima K, Irvine AD. Atopic dermatitis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018;4(1):1-20.